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Collaboration that strengthens research and innovation

Expenditure on R&D in relation to GDP (county level, every two years)
Research and development expenditure shows the amount of investment in new knowledge and development in relation to the region's economy. The measure captures the extent of innovation efforts and can vary depending on the structure of the business community and public investment.

Gross regional product, GRP, measures the total value of goods and services produced within an area during a year.

Internal personnel in own R&D in relation to employed (county level, every other year)
The proportion of personnel working in research and development shows the expertise available within organizations and companies.